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Organic Chemistry – The Most fascinating Part of JEE Chemistry

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Organic chemistry, one of the most important parts of chemistry in the JEE syllabus, has a lot of things for us to study apart from the syllabus. We start from the nomenclature of organic compounds and end with chemistry in everyday life. In nomenclature, we learn about the names of different organic compounds which we’ll use during the entire syllabus like the naming of simple carbon and hydrogen compounds, naming of nitrogen-containing carbon compounds, and oxygen-containing compounds. In everyday life, we learn about our day to day drug use, like the drug we use when we have fever and indigestion and more.

Following is the syllabus of JEE organic chemistry:

  • Tetravalency of carbon; Shapes of simple molecules -hybridization (s and p); Classification of organic compounds based on functional groups: and those containing halogens, oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur; Homologous series; Isomerism – structural and stereoisomerism.
  • Nomenclature (Trivial and IUPAC)- Covalent bond fission – Homolytic and Heterolytic: free radicals, Carbocations and Carbanions; stability of Carbocations and free radicals, Electrophiles and Nucleophiles.
  • Electronic displacement in a covalent bond – Inductive effect, electromeric effect, resonance and hyperconjugation. Common types of organic reactions- Substitution, addition, elimination and rearrangement.
  • Classification, isomerism, IUPAC nomenclature, general methods of preparation, properties and reactions.
  • Alkanes – Conformations: Sawhorse and Newman projections (of ethane); Mechanism of halogenation of alkanes.
  • Alkenes – Geometrical isomerism; Mechanism of electrophilic addition: addition of hydrogen, halogens, water, hydrogen halides (Markownikoff’s and peroxide effect); Ozonolysis and polymerization.
  • Alkynes – Acidic character; Addition of hydrogen, halogens, water and hydrogen halides; Polymerization.
  • Aromatic hydrocarbons – Nomenclature, benzene -structure and aromaticity; Mechanism of electrophilic substitution: halogenation, nitration, Friedel – Crafts alkylation and acylation, directive influence of the functional group in mono-substituted benzene.
  • General methods of preparation, properties and reactions; Nature of C-X bond in halogen-containing compounds; Mechanisms of substitution reactions. Uses; Environmental effects of chloroform, iodoform freons and DDT.
  • Alcohols: Identification of primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols; mechanism of dehydration.
  • Phenols: Acidic nature, electrophilic substitution reactions: halogenation, nitration and sulphonation, Reitner – Tiemann reaction.
  • Ethers: Structure
  • Aldehyde and Ketones: Nature of carbonyl group; Nucleophilic addition to >C=0 group, relative reactivities of aldehydes and ketones; Important reactions such as – Nucleophilic addition reactions (addition of HCN, NH, and its derivatives), Grignard reagent; oxidation; reduction (Wolff Kishner and Clemmensen); the acidity of a-hydrogen, aldol condensation, Cannizzaro reaction, Haloform reaction; Chemical tests to distinguish between aldehydes and Ketones.Carboxylic Acids- Acidic strength and factors affecting it.
  • General methods of preparation, properties, reactions and uses of nitrogen-containing organic compounds like; Amines: Nomenclature, classification, structure, basic character and identification of primary, secondary and tertiary amines and their basic character. Diazonium Salts: Importance in synthetic organic chemistry.

The most interesting part of organic chemistry is that it is as interesting as math. If you have cleared up your basics, you will love solving organic problems, as you will solve this by using concepts we use in math and physics. Organic chemistry is so interesting and scoring that if you are in touch with the syllabus you can solve 90% of the questions in one go in tough paper of JEE Advanced.

Here I am mentioning a few books for reference:

  1. NCERT Organic Chemistry books for 11 and 12.
  2. M S Chouhan Advanced Problems In Organic Chemistry For JEE.
  3. Wiley’s Solomons, Fryhle & Snyder Organic Chemistry for JEE (Main & Advanced), 3ed modified by MS Chauhan.

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